2021 A.D.E. SINCE TIME BEGAN : salus populi suprema est lex - the right of the people is the supreme law : IN TRUTH WE TRUST 2021 A.D.E.
WORLD HISTORY - EARTH SCIENCE - GEOLOGICAL TIME SCALE - NATURAL SCIENCE - EARTH HISTORY
"Natural science can be divided into two main branches: life science and physical science. Life science is alternatively known as biology, and physical science is subdivided into branches: physics, chemistry, earth science, and astronomy. These branches of natural science may be further divided into more specialized branches (also known as fields). As empirical sciences, natural sciences use tools from the formal sciences, such as mathematics and logic, converting information about nature into measurements which can be explained as clear statements of the "laws of nature""
ARISTARCHUS - ASTRONOMER MATHEMATICIAN - c. 310 – c. 230 BC :
The History Of Mathematics & Astronomy
Before the modern age and the
worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical
developments have come to light only in a few locales. From 3000 BC the Mesopotamian states
of Sumer, Akkad and Assyria, followed closely by Ancient Egypt and the
Levantine state of Ebla began using arithmetic, algebra and geometry for purposes of taxation,
commerce, trade and also in the patterns in nature, the field
of astronomy and to record
time and formulate calendars
The earliest mathematical texts available are from Mesopotamia and Egypt – Plimpton 322 (Babylonian c. 2000 –
1900 BC),[2] the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian c. 1800 BC)[3] and
the Moscow
Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian c. 1890 BC). All of these
texts mention the so-called Pythagorean triples, so, by inference,
the Pythagorean theorem seems to be
the most ancient and widespread mathematical development after basic arithmetic
and geometry ... See MATH SYMBOLS
- ALSO, EUCLID (300 B.C.E.)
& PTOLEMY (100 –
c. 170 AD)[)
· "Aristarchus estimated the
sizes of the Sun and Moon as compared to Earth's size. He also estimated the
distances from the Earth to the Sun and Moon. He is considered as one of the
greatest astronomers of antiquity along with Hipparchus, and
one of the greatest thinkers in human history "
· HYPATIA : (born c. 355 CE—died March 415, Alexandria -
stoned to death as a pagan) "Hypatia is famous for being the
greatest mathematician and astronomer of her time, for being the leader of
the Neoplatonist school of philosophy in Alexandria, for spectacularly
overcoming the profound sexism of her society, and for suffering a violent death
at the hands of ignorant zealots" ..." She is credited
with commentaries on Apollonius of Perga’s Conics (geometry) and Diophantus of Alexandria’s Arithmetic (number theory), as well as an astronomical table
(possibly a revised version of Book III of her father’s commentary on the Almagest). "
· GALILEO : ( 15 February
1564 – 8 January 1642)
· KEPLER : ( 27 December 1571 –
15 November 1630) ) "
best known for his three laws of planetary motion. These laws are:
Planets move in orbits shaped like an ellipse. A line between a planet and the
Sun covers equal areas in equal times "
· NEWTON : (25 December 1642 – 20
March 1726/27[a])
· EINSTEIN :
( 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955)
· STRING THEORY : (1960s) " In
physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the
point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional
objects called strings. String theory describes how these strings propagate
through space and interact with each other. ... Thus string theory is a theory
of quantum gravity " ... string theory is a theory of quantum gravity.
· HISTORY OF GREAT MATHEMATICIANS : CHRONOLOGY - BEST : "First Notable : EUCLID
: One of the earliest known mathematicians was Thales of Miletus (c.
624–c. 546
BC); he has been hailed as the first true mathematician and the first
known individual to whom a mathematical discovery has been attributed ... 30,000 B.C.E. -
numbers on bones :
500 - The
Babylonian sexagesimal number
system is used to record and predict the positions of the Sun, Moon and
planets. (See this History Topic.)
- Panini's
work on Sanskrit grammar is the forerunner of the modern formal language
theory".
· "According to some
authorities, there is evidence of basic arithmetic and geometric notations on the
petroglyphs at Knowth and Newgrange burial mounds in Ireland (dating
from about 3500
BCE and 3200 BCE respectively). These utilize a repeated zig-zag glyph for
counting, a system that continued to be used in Britain and Ireland into
the 1st millennium BCE."
2021 A.D.E. SINCE TIME BEGAN : salus populi suprema est lex - the right of the people is the supreme law : IN TRUTH WE TRUST 2021 A.D.E.
